Har janwar Qurbani ke liye durust nahi hota. Do cheezein tay karti hain: janwar ki umar aur uski haalat. Is guide mein Hadith, Hanafi fatwa ke sources aur woh jagah bataayi gayi hai jahan aapko aalim se poochhna chahiye.
Kaun se janwar durust hain
Qurbani maweshiyon (livestock) se hoti hai: bakri aur bhed, gaay-bail (jis mein Hanafi fatwa ke sources bhains ko bhi shaamil karte hain) aur oont. Qurbani Easy bakri aur bhains ke options deta hai.
Qurbani Easy camel ki Qurbani nahi karta (Qurbani Easy does not offer camel Qurbani).
Umar: Hadith kya kehti hai
Jabir (radiyallahu anhu) se riwayat hai ke Nabi (sallallahu alaihi wasallam) ne farmaya: “Sirf musinnah (poori umar wala) janwar zibah karo, magar jab tumhare liye mushkil ho to bhed ka ek jazaa (ek saal se kam, lekin chhe mahine se zyada ka) zibah kar lo” (Sahih Muslim 1963, sunnah.com ke angrezi tarjume ke mutabiq). Yani usool yeh hai ke poori umar ka janwar ho; chhota mendha sirf tab jab bada janwar milna mushkil ho.
Umar: Hanafi ke minimum
Hanafi fatwa ke sources (MuftiOnline.co.za, jo Al-Durr al-Mukhtar ka hawala deta hai, aur Darul Uloom Trinidad & Tobago, dono islamqa.org par) yeh bataate hain:
| Janwar | Kam se kam umar (Hanafi) |
|---|---|
| Bakri | 1 saal |
| Bhed | 1 saal. Chhe mahine ki bhed tab chalti hai jab woh ek saal ki bhedon ke beech khadi ho to ek saal ki hi dikhe |
| Gaay, bail, bhains | 2 saal |
| Oont | 5 saal (Qurbani Easy nahi deta) |
Chhe mahine wali chhoot sirf bhed ke liye hai, bakri ke liye nahi. Doosre maslak aur fatwa idaare bhed aur bakri ki umar alag batate hain. Agar aap Hanafi nahi hain to is table par bharosa karne ke bajaye apne maslak ke aalim se poochhein.
Haalat: chaar aib
Al-Bara’ ibn Azib (radiyallahu anhu) riwayat karte hain ke Rasulullah (sallallahu alaihi wasallam) ne farmaya ke Qurbani mein chaar qism ke janwar durust nahi: (1) kaana janwar jiska kaanapan saaf zaahir ho, (2) beemar janwar jiski beemari saaf zaahir ho, (3) langda janwar jiska langdapan saaf zaahir ho, aur (4) itna dubla/toota hua janwar jis ki haddiyon mein gooda (marrow) na ho. Abu Dawud ne likha ke is se muraad woh janwar hai jis mein gooda nahi (Sunan Abi Dawud 2802; sunnah.com par Al-Albani ne Sahih kaha).
Har jagah lafz “saaf zaahir” hai: matlab woh aib jo wazeh ho, chhoti-moti kami nahi. Isi riwayat mein sawal poochhne wale Ubayd ibn Firuz ne kaha ke mujhe daant mein kami wala janwar napasand hai; is par al-Bara’ (radiyallahu anhu) ne jawab diya: “Jo tumhein napasand ho use chhod do, magar usse kisi aur ke liye haraam na karo.” Yani behtar janwar ki khwahish jaayaz hai, par is se doosre janwar kisi aur ke liye haraam nahi ho jaate.
Doosre aib: aalim se poochhein
Kuch aur aib (jaise sing ya kaan ki kami, poonchh ka na hona) par ulama ne baat ki hai aur maslak ek jaisa hukm nahi dete. Is guide mein un surton ka hukm nahi diya gaya. Agar aapke janwar mein upar ke chaar se alag koi aib dikhta hai to booking se pehle apne maslak ke aalim se poochhein.
Aage padhein
Qurbani ke din aur waqt | Qurbani ke gosht ki taqseem | Udhiyah kya hai | English guide: Qurbani animal age and defects | Qurbani rules hub
Citation sources
- Sahih Muslim 1963 (Jabir) — sunnah.com par check kiya.
- Sunan Abi Dawud 2802 (Al-Bara’ ibn Azib), Al-Albani ne Sahih kaha — sunnah.com par check kiya.
- Hanafi umar: MuftiOnline.co.za, “Age of the Qurbaani animal” (Mufti Zakaria Makada, Mufti Ebrahim Salejee ne check kiya, Al-Durr al-Mukhtar 6/321-322 ka hawala) aur Darul Uloom Trinidad & Tobago, “Age of animals for Qurbani” (Mufti Waseem Khan), dono islamqa.org (Hanafi section) ke zariye.
- Maslak ka note: umar ka table sirf Hanafi maslak ka hai.
Roman Hindi mein: Qurbani kin par wajib hai? (Hanafi shartein)